Text of US SB 2357 (2023)
Protect Children’s Innocence Act
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As introduced
25,162 characters
II
118TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION
S. 2357
To amend chapter 110 of title 18, United States Code, to prohibit gender-
affirming care on minors, and for other purposes.
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
JULY 18, 2023
Mr. VANCE (for himself and Mr. TUBERVILLE) introduced the following bill;
which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance
A BILL
To amend chapter 110 of title 18, United States Code,
to prohibit gender-affirming care on minors, and for
other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
1
tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
2
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
3
This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Protect Children’s In-
4
nocence Act’’.
5
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•S 2357 IS
TITLE I—GENDER-AFFIRMING
1
CARE ON MINORS PROHIBITED
2
SEC. 101. GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE ON MINORS PROHIB-
3
ITED.
4
Chapter 110 of title 18, United States Code, is
5
amended—
6
(1) by adding at the end the following:
7
‘‘§ 2260B. Gender-affirming care on minors
8
‘‘(a) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
9
‘‘(1) BIOLOGICAL
SEX.—The term ‘biological
10
sex’ means the indication of male or female sex by
11
reproductive potential or capacity, sex chromosomes,
12
naturally occurring sex hormones, gonads, or inter-
13
nal or external genitalia present at birth.
14
‘‘(2) GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE.—
15
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in
16
subparagraph (B), the term ‘gender-affirming
17
care’ means, with respect to an individual, any
18
of the following:
19
‘‘(i) Performing any surgery for the
20
purpose of changing the body of the indi-
21
vidual to correspond to a sex that differs
22
from the individual’s biological sex, includ-
23
ing—
24
‘‘(I) castration;
25
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•S 2357 IS
‘‘(II) orchiectomy;
1
‘‘(III) scrotoplasty;
2
‘‘(IV) vasectomy;
3
‘‘(V) hysterectomy;
4
‘‘(VI) oophorectomy;
5
‘‘(VII) ovariectomy;
6
‘‘(VIII) metoidioplasty;
7
‘‘(IX) penectomy;
8
‘‘(X) phalloplasty;
9
‘‘(XI) vaginoplasty;
10
‘‘(XII) vaginectomy;
11
‘‘(XIII) vulvoplasty;
12
‘‘(XIV)
reduction
13
thyrochondroplasty;
14
‘‘(XV) chondrolaryngoplasty; and
15
‘‘(XVI) mastectomy.
16
‘‘(ii) Any plastic surgery that femi-
17
nizes or masculinizes the facial features of
18
the individual for the purposes described in
19
clause (i).
20
‘‘(iii) Any placement of chest implants
21
in the individual to create feminine breasts
22
for the purposes described in clause (i).
23
‘‘(iv) Any placement of fat or artificial
24
implants in the gluteal region of the indi-
25
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•S 2357 IS
vidual for the purposes described in clause
1
(i).
2
‘‘(v) Administering, supplying, pre-
3
scribing, dispensing, distributing, or other-
4
wise conveying to the individual medica-
5
tions for the purposes described in clause
6
(i), including—
7
‘‘(I) gonadotropin-releasing hor-
8
mone (commonly known as ‘GnRH’)
9
analogues or other puberty-blocking
10
drugs to stop or delay normal pu-
11
berty;
12
‘‘(II)
testosterone
or
other
13
androgens to a biological female at
14
doses that are supraphysiologic to the
15
female sex; and
16
‘‘(III) estrogen to a biological
17
male
at
doses
that
are
18
supraphysiologic to the male sex.
19
‘‘(B)
EXCEPTION.—Subparagraph
(A)
20
shall not apply to conduct with respect to the
21
following individuals:
22
‘‘(i) An individual with both ovarian
23
and testicular tissue.
24
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‘‘(ii) An individual who does not have
1
normal sex chromosome structure, sex ster-
2
oid hormone production, or sex steroid hor-
3
mone action, as determined by a physician
4
through genetic or biochemical testing.
5
‘‘(iii) An individual experiencing infec-
6
tion, disease, injury, or disorder caused or
7
exacerbated by previous gender transition
8
procedures.
9
‘‘(iv) An individual suffering from a
10
physical disorder, physical injury, or phys-
11
ical illness that would, as certified by a
12
physician, place the individual in imminent
13
danger of death or impairment of a major
14
bodily function unless a procedure de-
15
scribed in that subparagraph is performed.
16
‘‘(3) MINOR.—The term ‘minor’ means any in-
17
dividual under the age of 18 years.
18
‘‘(b) PROHIBITION
ON PERFORMING GENDER-AF-
19
FIRMING CARE ON MINORS.—
20
‘‘(1) OFFENSE.—It shall be unlawful, in any
21
circumstance described in subsection (e), to know-
22
ingly perform any gender-affirming care on a minor.
23
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‘‘(2) PENALTY.—Any person who violates para-
1
graph (1) shall be fined under this title, imprisoned
2
for not more than 12 years, or both.
3
‘‘(c) PROHIBITION ON PROSECUTION OF PERSON ON
4
WHOM INTERVENTION IS PERFORMED.—A person on
5
whom gender-affirming care is performed may not be ar-
6
rested or prosecuted for an offense under subsection (b).
7
‘‘(d) CIVIL ACTION.—A person on whom gender-af-
8
firming care is performed in violation of subsection (b)
9
may bring a civil action in an appropriate district court
10
of the United States for appropriate relief, including com-
11
pensatory and punitive damages, against each person who
12
performed the gender-affirming care.
13
‘‘(e)
CIRCUMSTANCES
DESCRIBED.—The
cir-
14
cumstances referred to in subsection (b) are that—
15
‘‘(1) the defendant or victim traveled in inter-
16
state or foreign commerce, or traveled using a
17
means, channel, facility, or instrumentality of inter-
18
state or foreign commerce, in furtherance of or in
19
connection with the conduct described in that sub-
20
section;
21
‘‘(2) the defendant used a means, channel, fa-
22
cility, or instrumentality of interstate or foreign
23
commerce in furtherance of or in connection with
24
the conduct described in that subsection;
25
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‘‘(3) any payment of any kind was made, di-
1
rectly or indirectly, in furtherance of or in connec-
2
tion with the conduct described in that subsection
3
using any means, channel, facility, or instrumen-
4
tality of interstate or foreign commerce or in or af-
5
fecting interstate or foreign commerce;
6
‘‘(4) the defendant transmitted in interstate or
7
foreign commerce any communication relating to or
8
in furtherance of the conduct described in that sub-
9
section—
10
‘‘(A) using any means, channel, facility, or
11
instrumentality of interstate or foreign com-
12
merce; or
13
‘‘(B) in or affecting interstate or foreign
14
commerce by any means or in any manner, in-
15
cluding by computer, mail, wire, or electro-
16
magnetic transmission;
17
‘‘(5) any instrument, item, substance, or other
18
object that has traveled in interstate or foreign com-
19
merce was used to perform the conduct described in
20
that subsection;
21
‘‘(6) the conduct described in that subsection
22
occurred in—
23
‘‘(A) the special maritime and territorial
24
jurisdiction of the United States; or
25
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‘‘(B) a territory or possession of the
1
United States; or
2
‘‘(7) the conduct described in that subsection
3
otherwise occurred in or affected interstate or for-
4
eign commerce.
5
‘‘(f) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec-
6
tion shall be construed as prohibiting provision of the med-
7
ical services described in subsection (a)(2)(A) to address
8
legitimate health issues, such as any male or female repro-
9
ductive cancers, apart from changing the body of an indi-
10
vidual to correspond to a sex that differs from the individ-
11
ual’s biological sex.’’; and
12
(2) in the table of sections, by adding at the
13
end the following:
14
‘‘2260B. Gender-affirming care on minors.’’.
TITLE II—PROHIBITING FEDER-
15
ALLY
FUNDED
GENDER-AF-
16
FIRMING CARE
17
SEC. 201. PROHIBITING TAXPAYER-FUNDED GENDER-AF-
18
FIRMING CARE.
19
Title 1, United States Code, is amended by adding
20
at the end the following:
21
‘‘CHAPTER 4—PROHIBITING TAXPAYER-
22
FUNDED GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE
23
‘‘301. Prohibition on funding for gender-affirming care.
‘‘302. Prohibition on funding for health benefits plans that cover gender-affirm-
ing care.
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‘‘303. Limitation on Federal facilities and employees, Federal land and terri-
tories, and Tribal territories.
‘‘304. Effect on separate coverage.
‘‘305. Effect on use of non-Federal funds for health coverage.
‘‘306. Application to complications arising from gender-affirming care.
‘‘307. Application to individuals born with medically verifiable disorder of sex
development.
‘‘308. Gender-affirming care defined.
‘‘309. Effect of chapter.
‘‘§ 301. Prohibition on funding for gender-affirming
1
care
2
‘‘No funds authorized or appropriated by Federal
3
law, and none of the funds in any trust fund to which
4
funds are authorized or appropriated by Federal law, in-
5
cluding funds provided under titles XVIII, XIX, and XXI
6
of the Social Security Act, shall be expended for any gen-
7
der-affirming care.
8
‘‘§ 302. Prohibition on funding for health benefits
9
plans that cover gender-affirming care
10
‘‘No funds authorized or appropriated by Federal
11
law, and none of the funds in any trust fund to which
12
funds are authorized or appropriated by Federal law, shall
13
be expended for health benefits coverage that includes cov-
14
erage of gender-affirming care.
15
‘‘§ 303. Limitation on Federal facilities and employ-
16
ees, Federal land and territories, and
17
Tribal territories
18
‘‘Gender-affirming care may not be included in any
19
health care service furnished by—
20
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‘‘(1) a health care facility owned or operated by
1
the Federal Government;
2
‘‘(2) a health care facility operated on Federal
3
land, in a territory, or in a Tribal territory; or
4
‘‘(3) any physician or other individual providing
5
health care services within the scope of the physi-
6
cian’s or individual’s employment who is—
7
‘‘(A) employed by the Federal Government;
8
or
9
‘‘(B) employed by a health care facility op-
10
erated on Federal land, in a territory, or in a
11
Tribal territory.
12
‘‘§ 304. Effect on separate coverage
13
‘‘Nothing in this chapter prohibits any individual, en-
14
tity, or State or locality from purchasing separate cov-
15
erage for gender-affirming care or health benefits coverage
16
that includes gender-affirming care, on the condition that
17
such coverage—
18
‘‘(1) is paid for entirely using funds—
19
‘‘(A) not authorized or appropriated by
20
Federal law; or
21
‘‘(B) not received from Federal programs,
22
platforms, or infrastructure;
23
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‘‘(2) does not cover any practice that would be
1
subject to penalty under section 2260B of title 18;
2
and
3
‘‘(3) is not purchased using matching funds re-
4
quired for a federally subsidized program, including
5
a State’s or locality’s contribution of Medicaid
6
matching funds.
7
‘‘§ 305. Effect on use of non-Federal funds for health
8
coverage
9
‘‘Nothing in this chapter restricts the ability of any
10
non-Federal health benefits coverage provider from offer-
11
ing coverage for gender-affirming care, or the ability of
12
a State or locality to contract separately with such a pro-
13
vider for such coverage, on the condition that such cov-
14
erage—
15
‘‘(1) is paid for entirely using funds—
16
‘‘(A) not authorized or appropriated by
17
Federal law; or
18
‘‘(B) not received from Federal programs,
19
platforms, or infrastructure;
20
‘‘(2) does not cover any practice that would be
21
subject to penalty under section 2260B of title 18;
22
and
23
‘‘(3) is not purchased using matching funds re-
24
quired for a federally subsidized program, including
25
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•S 2357 IS
a State’s or locality’s contribution of Medicaid
1
matching funds.
2
‘‘§ 306. Application to complications arising from gen-
3
der-affirming care
4
‘‘Nothing in this chapter applies to the treatment of
5
any infection, injury, disease, or disorder that has been
6
caused or exacerbated by the performance of a gender-
7
affirming care, regardless of whether—
8
‘‘(1) the gender-affirming care was performed
9
in accordance with Federal or State law; or
10
‘‘(2) funding for the gender-affirming care is
11
permissible under section 307.
12
‘‘§ 307. Application to individuals born with medi-
13
cally verifiable disorder of sex develop-
14
ment
15
‘‘The prohibitions and limitations described in sec-
16
tions 301, 302, and 303 shall not apply to conduct with
17
respect
to
an
individual
described
in
section
18
2260B(a)(2)(B) of title 18.
19
‘‘§ 308. Gender-affirming care defined
20
‘‘For purposes of this chapter, the term ‘gender-af-
21
firming care’ has the meaning given such term in section
22
2260B of title 18.
23
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‘‘§ 309. Effect of chapter
1
‘‘Nothing in this chapter prohibits the provision of
2
the medical services described in section 2260B(a)(2)(B)
3
of title 18, to address any male or female reproductive
4
cancers (other than medical services to change the body
5
of an individual to correspond to a sex that differs from
6
the individual’s biological sex).’’.
7
SEC. 202. AMENDMENT TO TABLE OF CHAPTERS.
8
The table of chapters for title 1, United States Code,
9
is amended by adding at the end the following:
10
‘‘4. Prohibiting taxpayer-funded gender-affirming care ...
301’’.
TITLE III—APPLICATION UNDER
11
THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT
12
SEC. 301. CLARIFYING APPLICATION OF PROHIBITION TO
13
PREMIUM CREDITS AND COST-SHARING RE-
14
DUCTIONS UNDER ACA.
15
(a) IN GENERAL.—
16
(1) DISALLOWANCE OF REFUNDABLE CREDIT
17
AND
COST-SHARING
REDUCTIONS
FOR
COVERAGE
18
UNDER QUALIFIED HEALTH PLAN WHICH PROVIDES
19
COVERAGE FOR GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE.—
20
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Subparagraph (A) of
21
section 36B(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code
22
of 1986 is amended by inserting before the pe-
23
riod at the end the following: ‘‘or any health
24
plan that includes coverage for gender-affirming
25
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•S 2357 IS
care (other than any gender-affirming care or
1
treatment described in section 306 or 307 of
2
title 1, United States Code)’’.
3
(B) OPTION TO PURCHASE OR OFFER SEP-
4
ARATE COVERAGE OR PLAN.—Paragraph (3) of
5
section 36B(c) of such Code is amended by
6
adding at the end the following new subpara-
7
graph:
8
‘‘(C) SEPARATE COVERAGE OR PLAN FOR
9
GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE ALLOWED.—
10
‘‘(i) OPTION TO PURCHASE SEPARATE
11
COVERAGE OR PLAN.—Nothing in subpara-
12
graph (A) shall be construed as prohibiting
13
any individual from purchasing separate
14
coverage for gender-affirming care de-
15
scribed in such subparagraph, or a health
16
plan that includes such gender-affirming
17
care, so long as no credit is allowed under
18
this section with respect to the premiums
19
for such coverage or plan and such cov-
20
erage or plan does not cover any practice
21
that would be subject to penalty under sec-
22
tion 2260B of title 18, United States
23
Code.
24
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•S 2357 IS
‘‘(ii) OPTION TO OFFER COVERAGE OR
1
PLAN.—Nothing in subparagraph (A) shall
2
restrict any non-Federal health insurance
3
issuer offering a health plan from offering
4
separate coverage for gender-affirming
5
care described in such subparagraph, or a
6
plan that includes such gender-affirming
7
care, so long as premiums for such sepa-
8
rate coverage or plan are not paid for with
9
any amount attributable to the credit al-
10
lowed under this section (or the amount of
11
any advance payment of the credit under
12
section 1412 of the Patient Protection and
13
Affordable Care Act) and such coverage or
14
plan does not cover any practice that
15
would be subject to penalty under section
16
2260B of title 18, United States Code.’’.
17
(2) DISALLOWANCE
OF
SMALL
EMPLOYER
18
HEALTH
INSURANCE
EXPENSE
CREDIT
FOR
PLAN
19
WHICH INCLUDES COVERAGE FOR GENDER-AFFIRM-
20
ING CARE.—Subsection (h) of section 45R of the In-
21
ternal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended—
22
(A) by striking ‘‘Any term’’ and inserting
23
the following:
24
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Any term’’; and
25
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•S 2357 IS
(B) by adding at the end the following new
1
paragraph:
2
‘‘(2) EXCLUSION OF HEALTH PLANS INCLUDING
3
COVERAGE FOR GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE.—
4
‘‘(A) IN
GENERAL.—The term ‘qualified
5
health plan’ does not include any health plan
6
that includes coverage for gender-affirming care
7
(other than any gender-affirming care or treat-
8
ment described in section 306 or 307 of title 1,
9
United States Code).
10
‘‘(B) SEPARATE COVERAGE OR PLAN FOR
11
GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE ALLOWED.—
12
‘‘(i) OPTION TO PURCHASE SEPARATE
13
COVERAGE OR PLAN.—Nothing in subpara-
14
graph (A) shall be construed as prohibiting
15
any employer from purchasing for its em-
16
ployees separate coverage for gender-af-
17
firming care described in such subpara-
18
graph, or a health plan that includes such
19
gender-affirming care, so long as no credit
20
is allowed under this section with respect
21
to the employer contributions for such cov-
22
erage or plan and such coverage does not
23
cover any practice that would be subject to
24
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•S 2357 IS
penalty under section 2260B of title 18,
1
United States Code.
2
‘‘(ii) OPTION TO OFFER COVERAGE OR
3
PLAN.—Nothing in subparagraph (A) shall
4
restrict any non-Federal health insurance
5
issuer offering a health plan from offering
6
separate coverage for gender-affirming
7
care described in such subparagraph, or a
8
plan that includes such gender-affirming
9
care, so long as such separate coverage or
10
plan is not paid for with any employer con-
11
tribution eligible for the credit allowed
12
under this section and such coverage or
13
plan does not cover any practice that
14
would be subject to penalty under section
15
2260B of title 18, United States Code.’’.
16
(b) APPLICATION TO MULTI-STATE PLANS.—Section
17
1334(a) of Public Law 111–148 (42 U.S.C. 18054(a)) is
18
amended by adding at the end the following:
19
‘‘(8) COVERAGE
CONSISTENT
WITH
FEDERAL
20
POLICY REGARDING GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE.—In
21
entering into contracts under this subsection, the
22
Director shall ensure that no multi-State qualified
23
health plan offered in an Exchange provides health
24
benefits coverage for which the expenditure of Fed-
25
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•S 2357 IS
eral funds is prohibited under chapter 4 of title 1,
1
United States Code.’’.
2
(c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by
3
subsection (a) shall apply to taxable years ending after
4
the date that is one year after the date of enactment of
5
this Act, but only with respect to plan years beginning
6
after such date, and the amendment made by subsection
7
(b) shall apply to plan years beginning after such date.
8
TITLE IV—ADDITIONAL
9
PROVISIONS
10
SEC. 401. PROHIBITION ON INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDU-
11
CATION AND ACCREDITING AGENCIES OR AS-
12
SOCIATIONS.
13
(a) PROHIBITION
ON INSTITUTIONS
OF HIGHER
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EDUCATION.—Section 487(a) of the Higher Education
15
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1094(a)) is amended by adding
16
at the end the following:
17
‘‘(30) The institution will not offer instruction
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in gender-affirming care (as defined in section
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2260B of title 18, United States Code).’’.
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(b) PROHIBITION ON ACCREDITING AGENCIES OR AS-
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SOCIATIONS.—Section 496(a) of the Higher Education
22
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1099b(a)) is amended—
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(1) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of paragraph
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(7);
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•S 2357 IS
(2) by striking the period at the end of para-
1
graph (8) and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and
2
(3) by adding at the end the following:
3
‘‘(9) such agency or association does not ac-
4
credit any institution that offers instruction in gen-
5
der-affirming care (as defined in section 2260B of
6
title 18, United States Code).’’.
7
SEC. 402. IMMIGRATION CONSEQUENCES WITH RESPECT
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TO PROVIDING GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE.
9
(a) DEFINITION
OF GENDER-AFFIRMING CARE.—
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Section 101(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8
11
U.S.C. 1101(a)) is amended by adding at the end the fol-
12
lowing:
13
‘‘(53) The term ‘gender-affirming care’ shall
14
have the meaning given such term in section 2260B
15
of title 18, United States Code.’’.
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(b) CLASSES OF ALIENS INELIGIBLE FOR VISAS OR
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ADMISSION.—Section 212(a)(1)(A) of the Immigration
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and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(1)(A)) is amend-
19
ed—
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(1) in clause (iii)(II), by striking ‘‘or’’ at the
21
end;
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(2) in clause (iv), by striking the comma at the
23
end and inserting ‘‘, or’’; and
24
(3) by inserting after clause (iv) the following:
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‘‘(v) who is determined to have per-
1
formed gender-affirming care on a child
2
that has not attained the age of 18 years
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old,’’.
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(c) CLASSES
OF DEPORTABLE ALIENS.—Section
5
237(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C.
6
1227(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
7
‘‘(8) GENDER-AFFIRMING
CARE.—Any alien
8
who has performed gender-affirming care on a child
9
who has not attained the age of 18 years old is de-
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portable.’’.
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Æ
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