online opt-in
CECooperative Election Study (CES)
Cooperative Congressional Election Study (CCES) 2016 Common Content · Sep 28, 2016 – Dec 14, 2016 · US national (large enough for state-level estimates)
Methodology
- Pollster
- Cooperative Election Study (CES) academic
- Sponsor
- Harvard University (CES/CCES consortium of university research teams)
- Fielded
- Sep 28, 2016 – Dec 14, 2016
- Population
- adults
- Sample size
- 64,600
- Sample frame
- online opt-in
- Panel
- YouGov (with Disqo, Prodege and Generation Lab panels in some years)
- Mode
- online - YouGov matched random sample: a target sample is drawn from the American Community Survey / Current Population Survey frame and matched to YouGov opt-in panelists, then weighted by propensity score and raked
- Margin of error
- not disclosed
- Weighting
- commonweight (2017: weights_common) - propensity-score matched sample weighted and raked to age, gender, education, race, Hispanic origin, voter registration status and presidential vote
- Geography
- US national (large enough for state-level estimates)
- Base notes
- Pre-election wave 28 Sep - 7 Nov 2016; post-election wave 9 Nov - 14 Dec 2016
Sources
Verification note. Wording and raw counts read from 'CCES Guide 2016.pdf' on Harvard Dataverse. The guide's counts are UNWEIGHTED; percentages here were computed by this agent from those published counts and are flagged as such. The 'trans' item was asked of only about half the sample (32,612 coded 'not asked'). Field dates and sample size from the guide's study-design section. No transgender POLICY item appears in the 2016 CCES common content - only the demographic item.
Figures below are transcribed from these documents. Where they disagree with the source, the source governs.
Questions asked (1)
CES demographic variable measuring transgender status of the respondent
Have you ever undergone any part of a process (including any thought or action) to change your gender / perceived gender from the one you were assigned at birth? This may include steps such as changing the type of clothes you wear, name you are known by or undergoing surgery.
No
97.3%
Yes
1.5%
Prefer not to say
1.3%
Wording notes: extremely broad wording ('any thought or action') | asked of roughly half the sample
unclear — The pre-2021 CCES wording asks whether the respondent has 'ever undergone any part of a process (including any thought or action)' to change their gender, which is far broader than transgender self-identification and produces prevalence estimates of 2-4%, several times higher than every other national survey. It should not be read as a transgender population estimate.