Litigation

Court cases in the project's archive about laws and policies that affect transgender and other LGBTQ+ people. Each case page links its dockets, its court documents, its opinions and any oral arguments, with the originals on CourtListener. Charts show the cases by issue, year, court and place.

Also: a finding aid to experts who testified for the side defending the laws.

Caption or docket numberCourt levelCourtCircuitIssueStateStatusOutcomeYear fromYear toOrder Clear

270 of 664 cases match.

Cases
Case	Court	Level	Cir.	Year	Issue / type	Outcome	Documents
Rios v. Redding	10th Cir.	Circuit	10th Cir.	2022	Prisons & detention		4
Robbin Amanda Bayse v. Ted Philbin	11th Cir.	Circuit	11th Cir.	2025	Gender-affirming carealso Prisons & detention	Adverse	2
Robert Updegrove v. Jason Miyares	4th Cir.	Circuit	4th Cir.	2021	Speech & religious objectionsalso Public accommodations		8
Robert W. Otto v. City of Boca Raton, FloridaNo. 9:18-cv-80771	11th Cir.	Circuit	11th Cir.	2023	Conversion therapyalso Speech & religious objections	Favorable	34
Roe v. Johnston	9th Cir.	Circuit	9th Cir.	2026	Identity documents	Adverse	102
Roe, et al. v. Critchfield, et al.No. 23-2807	9th Cir.	Circuit	9th Cir.	2025	Schools & educationalso Bathrooms & facilities	Adverse	8
Roy Mitchell v. Edward Wall	7th Cir.	Circuit	7th Cir.	2015	Gender-affirming carealso Prisons & detention	Procedural no direction	2
Roy Mitchell, Jr. v. Kevin Kallas	7th Cir.	Circuit	7th Cir.	2019	Gender-affirming carealso Prisons & detention	Mostly favorable	18
Ryan Karnoski v. Donald Trump	9th Cir.	Circuit	9th Cir.	2020	Militaryalso Federal executive actions	Favorable	7
S.D., et al. v. Reese, et al.No. 26-4872	9th Cir.	Circuit	9th Cir.	2026	Prisons & detention		10
Sacred Heart of Jesus Parish v. Dana Nessel	6th Cir.	Circuit	6th Cir.	2023	Speech & religious objectionsalso Employment, Public accommodations		1
Sage Blair v. Appomattox County School BoardNo. 6:23-cv-00047	4th Cir.	Circuit	4th Cir.	2023	Family & parental rightsalso Schools & education	Mixed	105
Santos-Zacaria v. Garland	5th Cir.	Circuit	5th Cir.	2025	Immigration & asylum	Adverse	2
Scott Gibson v. Bryan Collier	5th Cir.	Circuit	5th Cir.	2019	Gender-affirming carealso Prisons & detention	Adverse	1
Sean M. Brookings v. R.R. Denny Clunk, Judge, Stark County, Ohio	6th Cir.	Circuit	6th Cir.	2004	Policing & criminal lawalso Identity documents, Family & parental rights	Adverse	1
Sease Beard v. Doris Falkenrath	8th Cir.	Circuit	8th Cir.	2024	Prisons & detention	Mixed	1
Sexuality and Gender Alliance v. Critchfield	9th Cir.	Circuit	9th Cir.	2026	Schools & educationalso Bathrooms & facilities		170
Shauntae Anderson v. William CrouchNo. 22-1927	4th Cir.	Circuit	4th Cir.	2023	Gender-affirming carealso Health coverage & benefits	Adverse	160
Shilling v. United States of AmericaNo. 2:25-cv-00241	9th Cir.	Circuit	9th Cir.	2025	Militaryalso Federal executive actions		284
Smith v. City of Salem, Ohio	6th Cir.	Circuit	6th Cir.	2004	Employment	Favorable	3
Sommers v. Budget Marketing, Inc.	8th Cir.	Circuit	8th Cir.	1982	Employmentalso Bathrooms & facilities	Adverse	1
Soule Ex Rel. Stanescu v. Connecticut Association of Schools, Inc.No. 21-1365	2nd Cir.	Circuit	2nd Cir.	2021	Athleticsalso Schools & education	Mostly adverse	220
Spectrum WT v. WendlerNo. 23-10994	5th Cir.	Circuit	5th Cir.	2023	Drag & expressionalso Schools & education, Speech & religious objections	Favorable	175
Speech First v. McCall	5th Cir.	Circuit	5th Cir.	2025	Speech & religious objectionsalso Schools & education	Adverse	2
Speech First v. Shrum	10th Cir.	Circuit	10th Cir.	2023	Speech & religious objectionsalso Schools & education		9
Spicer v. Terhune	9th Cir.	Circuit	9th Cir.	2003	Gender-affirming carealso Prisons & detention	Adverse	1
St. Joseph Parish St. Johns v. Dana Nessel	6th Cir.	Circuit	6th Cir.	2024	Speech & religious objectionsalso Schools & education, Employment, Public accommodations	Mixed	10
Stansel Prowse v. Dexter Payne	8th Cir.	Circuit	8th Cir.	2021	Gender-affirming carealso Prisons & detention	Procedural no direction	1
State of Arkansas v. EDUCNo. 24-2921	8th Cir.	Circuit	8th Cir.	2024	Schools & educationalso Bathrooms & facilities, Federal executive actions		15
State of Kansas v. EDUCNo. 24-3097	10th Cir.	Circuit	10th Cir.	2024	Schools & educationalso Bathrooms & facilities, Athletics, Federal executive actions		61
State of Louisiana v. EDUCNo. 24-30399	5th Cir.	Circuit	5th Cir.	2024	Schools & educationalso Bathrooms & facilities, Federal executive actions		38
State of New York v. United States Department of Health and Human ServicesNo. 19-4254	2nd Cir.	Circuit	2nd Cir.	2019	Health coverage & benefitsalso Speech & religious objections, Federal executive actions		11
State of Tenn. v. Linda McMahonNo. 24-5588	6th Cir.	Circuit	6th Cir.	2024	Schools & educationalso Bathrooms & facilities, Federal executive actions		128
State of Tennessee v. Department of EducationNo. 22-5807	6th Cir.	Circuit	6th Cir.	2022	Schools & educationalso Bathrooms & facilities, Athletics, Federal executive actions		57
State of Texas v. KennedyNo. 24-40568	5th Cir.	Circuit	5th Cir.	2024	Health coverage & benefitsalso Gender-affirming care, Federal executive actions		5
State of Washington, et al. v. Trump, et al.	9th Cir.	Circuit	9th Cir.	2026	Gender-affirming carealso Federal executive actions		84
Stephanie Lynne Brown v. Washington Interscholastic Activities AssociationNo. 3:26-cv-05616	9th Cir.	Circuit	9th Cir.	2026	Athletics		61
Supre v. Ricketts	10th Cir.	Circuit	10th Cir.	1986	Gender-affirming carealso Prisons & detention	Adverse	2
Tasha S. Maggert v. Craig A. Hanks	7th Cir.	Circuit	7th Cir.	1997	Gender-affirming carealso Prisons & detention	Adverse	1
Terry Sanders v. May Department Stores Company	8th Cir.	Circuit	8th Cir.	2003	Employment	Adverse	1
Terry Sanders v. May Dept. Store Co.	8th Cir.	Circuit	8th Cir.	2003	Employment	Adverse	1
Texas A&M Queer Empowerment v. MahomesNo. 25-20108	5th Cir.	Circuit	5th Cir.	2025	Drag & expressionalso Schools & education, Speech & religious objections		13
The Religious Sisters of Mercy v. Xavier Becerra	8th Cir.	Circuit	8th Cir.	2023	Speech & religious objectionsalso Gender-affirming care, Employment, Health coverage & benefits	Adverse	6
Thomas Horne v. USDC-AZT	9th Cir.	Circuit	9th Cir.		Athleticsalso Schools & education		1
Thomas L. White v. Harold Farrier Crispus C. Nix	8th Cir.	Circuit	8th Cir.	1988	Gender-affirming carealso Prisons & detention	Adverse	1
Traci Greene v. Gayle Bowles, Anthony J. Brigano	6th Cir.	Circuit	6th Cir.	2004	Prisons & detention	Favorable	2
Transgender Law Center v. Ice	9th Cir.	Circuit	9th Cir.	2022	Immigration & asylumalso Prisons & detention	Favorable	1
Umphress v. Hall	5th Cir.	Circuit	5th Cir.	2023	Speech & religious objections		1
Union Gospel Mission of Yakima Washington v. Brown, et al.No. 24-7246	9th Cir.	Circuit	9th Cir.	2025	Speech & religious objectionsalso Employment		30
United States v. Daniel Mendoza, AKA Daniela Mendoza	9th Cir.	Circuit	9th Cir.	2001	Policing & criminal law	Procedural no direction	1

Each case has one main issue and may raise others (shown as “also”); the Issue filter finds a case by either. Choose a column heading to sort by it, and again to reverse the order. A blank cell means the archive has no entry for that case yet.

The outcome is this project's own coding of how a case turned out, made from the court's record; it is not the court's finding. How it is coded, and how to ask for a correction, is on the About page.

Litigation

Court cases about transgender and other LGBTQ+ people · federal & state courts

Cases tracked

Case name Court Level Issue / type Circuit Outcome Year ≥ Year ≤

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Case	Court	Level	Cir.	Year	Issue / type	Outcome	Docs

Every case in the corpus. Click a case name for its overview; click any column to sort, again to reverse. Each case has one main issue and may raise others (shown as "also…"); the Issue filter finds a case by either. Issues were checked case by case in September 2026. Level, circuit and outcome come from the coded caselaw dataset, so some rows are blank where a case hasn't been coded yet.

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Group by

Direct counts from the archive index — instant and exact. Counts are FILINGS (docket entries); the distinct-case figure is shown alongside.

Cases by issue

Every tracked case once, under its main issue, split by the coded direction of its final ruling (the same reading as "Reached a final ruling" below): favorable or adverse to the LGBTQ-rights claim, or mixed. The empty part of each bar is cases with no coded ruling at the trial, circuit or Supreme Court stage yet, which is most of them; it is not a claim that they have no outcome. Choose a bar to list its cases.

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Reached a final ruling

The coded direction at the HIGHEST stage a case reached — trial-level, circuit-court or Supreme Court only. A preliminary-injunction ruling never counts as final, and a "procedural, no direction" or "unclear" coding is excluded rather than shown as an outcome.

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Case duration

Filed to terminated, from real CourtListener docket dates, among cases where EVERY tracked docket has terminated (an open appellate docket alongside a closed district one is pending, not resolved). No stage-by-stage date exists in this corpus, so only this one span is shown; dates cover only the tracked-docket tier — see the coverage note below the numbers.

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Cases by circuit

A real geographic map, states shaded by their circuit's case count relative to the busiest circuit (linear). The Federal Circuit has no state territory of its own (its jurisdiction is subject matter, not geography) and so never paints here, but still appears in the list and the table. Select a circuit below for its final-ruling mix.

Table view (stages, durations and circuits)

Expert witnesses

Filter Appears in

A curated roster of the recurring expert witnesses in this litigation, with every declaration, expert report, affidavit, deposition and trial-testimony document the corpus holds for each, grouped by case. Coverage is limited by what has been pulled: expert material is heavily attachment-borne, so a witness who testified in ten cases may show fewer here, and some documents are marked in a larger filing — the testimony sits inside an appendix or exhibit set rather than as its own entry.

Judges

Filter Appointed by Coded rulings

The record counts how the judge voted, not how the case came out. Dissents and concurrences are parsed from the opinions themselves ("NIEMEYER, Circuit Judge, dissenting"), so a judge who dissented is scored against the panel's result — without that, Judge Niemeyer read 4–3 favorable to trans claimants. Partial dissents are shown but left out of the tally. Votes come from separate-writing headings and from the opinion's own joinder block ("Judge Richardson wrote a dissenting opinion, in which Judge Wilkinson, Judge Niemeyer… joined"), so a judge who joins a dissent without writing one still counts. Judges are resolved to real people against the Federal Judicial Center directory using the deciding court — there are 32 federal judges named Smith, and two Judge Pryors on the Eleventh Circuit. 195 ambiguous name/court pairs were dropped rather than merged, and a case with no opinion text in the corpus keeps the panel result for want of anything better. Small numbers are small numbers: three rulings is not a tendency.