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20 questions from 5 polls

Hart Research Associatesfor Searchlight InstituteIdentity beliefsApr 28, 2025 – May 5, 2025
whether gender can differ from sex at birth

Here is a follow up question on one of those issues: issues related to people who are transgender.

Here is a follow up question on one of those issues: issues related to people who are transgender. From your point of view, do you think whether a person is a man or a woman...?

Is determined by the sex a person is at birth
63%
Can be different from the sex a person is at birth
37%
Sample
1,458 registered voters · not disclosed
Method
online opt-in
Where
US - 40 battleground congressional districts
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record

Base: Includes oversamples yielding 262 Hispanic registered voters and 261 Black registered voters. Several items were split-sampled between Form A and Form B halves.

Wording notes: no 'not sure' option offered - forced binary
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • Can be different from the sex a person is at birth
  • Is determined by the sex a person is at birth
Hart Research Associatesfor Searchlight InstitutePolitical salienceApr 28, 2025 – May 5, 2025
media exposure to transgender issues

How much have you been hearing or reading about issues related to people who are transgender lately?

Fair amount
38%
A great deal
25%
Just some
20%
A little
12%
Nothing at all
5%
Total great deal/fair amount 63%
Sample
1,458 registered voters · not disclosed
Method
online opt-in
Where
US - 40 battleground congressional districts
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record

Base: Includes oversamples yielding 262 Hispanic registered voters and 261 Black registered voters. Several items were split-sampled between Form A and Form B halves.

Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • A great deal
  • Fair amount
  • Just some
  • A little
  • Nothing at all
Hart Research Associatesfor Searchlight InstituteGeneral acceptanceApr 28, 2025 – May 5, 2025
pace of societal change on transgender issues

Thinking about transgender issues, would you say society is...?

Changing too quickly
46%
Not changing quickly enough
32%
Changing at about the right speed
22%
Sample
1,458 registered voters · not disclosed
Method
online opt-in
Where
US - 40 battleground congressional districts
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record

Base: Includes oversamples yielding 262 Hispanic registered voters and 261 Black registered voters. Several items were split-sampled between Form A and Form B halves.

Wording notes: 'too quickly' listed first
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • Changing too quickly
  • Not changing quickly enough
  • Changing at about the right speed
Hart Research Associatesfor Searchlight InstituteGeneral acceptanceApr 28, 2025 – May 5, 2025
has society gone too far in accommodating transgender people

Which of the following statements comes closest to your view?

Society has gone too far in accommodating people who are transgender
48%
Society has not gone far enough in accommodating people who are transgender
32%
Society has been about right
20%
Sample
1,458 registered voters · not disclosed
Method
online opt-in
Where
US - 40 battleground congressional districts
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record

Base: Includes oversamples yielding 262 Hispanic registered voters and 261 Black registered voters. Several items were split-sampled between Form A and Form B halves.

Wording notes: 'accommodating' framing
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • Our society has gone too far in accommodating people who are transgender
  • Our society has not gone far enough in accommodating people who are transgender
  • Our society has been about right when it comes to accommodating people who are transgender
Hart Research Associatesfor Searchlight InstitutePolitical salienceApr 28, 2025 – May 5, 2025
whether each party focuses too much on transgender issues

Many questions in the remainder of this survey are going to be about issues related to transgender people. Please read the following statement so everyone has the same understanding of some of the terms that will be used. People who are transgender have a gender identity that is different from the sex they were assigned at birth. For example, a person assigned male at birth who identifies as a woman, or a person assigned female at birth who identifies as a man. Transgender people may or may not take steps to live according to their gender, including changing their name, the pronouns they use, their clothing or appearance, or undergoing hormone therapy or other medical procedures.

When it comes to transgender issues and policies, do you think (insert item) are...?

Focusing too much on transgender issues
54%
Focusing about the right amount
41%
Focusing too much on transgender issues
35%
Focusing about the right amount
31%
Not focusing enough on transgender issues
24%
Not focusing enough on transgender issues
15%
Sample
1,458 registered voters · not disclosed
Method
online opt-in
Where
US - 40 battleground congressional districts
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record

Base: Includes oversamples yielding 262 Hispanic registered voters and 261 Black registered voters. Several items were split-sampled between Form A and Form B halves.

Wording notes: preceded by a neutral definitional preamble that is unusual in this literature
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • Focusing too much on transgender issues
  • Not focusing enough on transgender issues
  • Focusing about the right amount on transgender issues
Hart Research Associatesfor Searchlight InstituteGeneral acceptanceApr 28, 2025 – May 5, 2025
respecting the right to live as one wants, by age group (split sample)

Do you agree or disagree with the following statements?

Do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - Whether we approve or not, we should respect the right of adults to live as they want when it comes to decisions related to their gender identity. - [Form A] Whether we approve or not, we should respect the right of youth in high school to live as they want when it comes to decisions related to their gender identity. - [Form B] Whether we approve or not, we should respect the right of youth in elementary and middle school to live as they want when it comes to decisions related to their gender identity.

Strongly agree
55%
Total agree 88%Total agree 61%Total agree 51%Total disagree 49%Total disagree 39%Total disagree 12%
Sample
1,458 registered voters · not disclosed
Method
online opt-in
Where
US - 40 battleground congressional districts
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record

Base: Includes oversamples yielding 262 Hispanic registered voters and 261 Black registered voters. Several items were split-sampled between Form A and Form B halves.

Wording notes: 'Whether we approve or not' concedes disapproval up front, which lowers the cost of agreeingage is systematically varied to locate the tolerance thresholdno don't-know option
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • Strongly agree
  • Somewhat agree
  • Somewhat disagree
  • Strongly disagree
Hart Research Associatesfor Searchlight InstituteYouth medical careApr 28, 2025 – May 5, 2025
who should decide policy on youth gender-transition care

Next you will see several situations involving transgender issues along with different people who could be involved in enacting policies and making decisions about each situation. Please rank the three groups of people that you most want to be involved in enacting policies and making decisions for each issue.

Next you will see several situations involving transgender issues along with different people who could be involved in enacting policies and making decisions about each situation. Please rank the three groups of people that you most want to be involved in enacting policies and making decisions for each issue. - Policies related to whether minors under age 18 should have access to medical care and treatment for gender transitions.

Parents (ranked first)
52%
Healthcare providers (ranked first)
14%
Medical and scientific experts (ranked first)
10%
I don't want any of these involved in this
8%
The President of the United States (ranked first)
4%
Members of Congress and Senators (ranked first)
3%
State legislators and governors (ranked first)
3%
Sample
1,458 registered voters · not disclosed
Method
online opt-in
Where
US - 40 battleground congressional districts
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record

Base: Includes oversamples yielding 262 Hispanic registered voters and 261 Black registered voters. Several items were split-sampled between Form A and Form B halves.

Wording notes: decision-authority framing rather than policy-position framing
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • Parents
  • Healthcare providers (doctors, pediatricians, counselors, psychologists)
  • Medical and scientific experts
  • The President of the United States
  • Members of Congress and Senators
  • State legislators and governors
  • School boards, city councils, and other local elected leaders
  • Religious and faith leaders
  • Professionals who run sports leagues
  • I don't want any of these involved in this
Hart Research Associatesfor Searchlight InstituteSportsApr 28, 2025 – May 5, 2025
federal sports ban vs. local control (split-sample statement test)

Next you will read two statements that you could hear from a member of Congress about transgender girls and women and sports. Please select the statement that is closest to your point of view, even if it is not exactly how you feel.

Next you will read two statements that you could hear from a member of Congress about transgender girls and women and sports. Please select the statement that is closest to your point of view, even if it is not exactly how you feel. STATEMENT A: Congress should pass laws that will apply across the country to make sure that transgender girls and women cannot compete in girl's and women's sports. STATEMENT B [Form A]: I understand that there are concerns about the safety and fairness of transgender girls and women playing in girl's and women's sports, I just think the question of who plays in sports should be left up to school boards and local sports associations, not the federal government. STATEMENT B [Form B]: The issue of whether transgender girls and women can play in girl's and women's sports should be left to school boards and sports associations, not the federal government.

Total Statement A - Congress should ban
56%
Total Statement A - Congress should ban
56%
Total Statement B - leave to school boards and local sports associations
44%
Total Statement B - leave to school boards and sports associations
44%
Sample
1,458 registered voters · not disclosed
Method
online opt-in
Where
US - 40 battleground congressional districts
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record

Base: Includes oversamples yielding 262 Hispanic registered voters and 261 Black registered voters. Several items were split-sampled between Form A and Form B halves.

Wording notes: split-sample test of whether conceding the safety/fairness concern helps the local-control positionno neutral or don't-know option
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • Statement A much more
  • Statement A somewhat more
  • Statement B somewhat more
  • Statement B much more
Hart Research Associatesfor Searchlight InstituteContact & populationApr 28, 2025 – May 5, 2025
contact with transgender people and experience discussing the issue

Below are some statements about experiences that people may or may not have had. For each of the following, please indicate whether or not you have had each experience.

Below are some statements about experiences that people may or may not have had. For each of the following, please indicate whether or not you have had each experience.

I know someone who is transgender
53%
I have disagreed with someone that I respect on transgender issues
46%
I know someone who has a transgender family member
45%
I have worried about offending someone or saying what might be considered the "wrong" thing when talking about transgender issues
34%
I have reconsidered my views or opinions on a topic related to transgender issues after hearing new information
32%
Sample
1,458 registered voters · not disclosed
Method
online opt-in
Where
US - 40 battleground congressional districts
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record

Base: Includes oversamples yielding 262 Hispanic registered voters and 261 Black registered voters. Several items were split-sampled between Form A and Form B halves.

Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • I have had this experience
  • I have not had this experience
Hart Research Associatesfor Searchlight InstitutePolitical salienceApr 28, 2025 – May 5, 2025
audio message test of three Democratic congressional positions on trans issues

Next you are going to react to three audio clips from a Democratic member of Congress about the issues that have been discussed in this survey.

Next you are going to react to three audio clips from a Democratic member of Congress about the issues that have been discussed in this survey. Please focus on the content and substance of the remarks and not the quality of the clip itself or how it is edited. We want your reaction to the ideas being expressed. [PURE PIVOT] These are hard issues. We should give each other the benefit of the doubt and treat everyone with dignity. We should also recognize and acknowledge that people have different views on these issues. That's why decisions on transgender issues should be made by parents, medical professionals, and sports leagues, not Congress. Congress' priority should be creating good jobs, holding down the cost of groceries and consumer goods, and expanding access to healthcare. [REPOSITION + PIVOT] These are hard issues. We should give each other the benefit of the doubt and respect different viewpoints. The most important thing is to protect our kids, and Congress should act to set basic rules: biological men should not be able to compete against girls in high school and higher-level sports, kids should not be allowed to make medical decisions without parental consent, and everyone should be protected from discrimination - including transgender people. Other than that, Congress should defer to parents and local authorities and focus on making everything from groceries to healthcare more affordable. [COMPROMISE/GOP LIGHT] When it comes to these issues, we need to rely more on common sense to come up with solutions. While we should always treat everyone with dignity, it's just as important that we ensure fairness and safety for everyone. That means protecting girls and women's sports so they are not competing against biological men, upholding the right of parents to be the lead in making decisions about their children's access to medical care, and giving parents as much say as possible in deciding if and when their children are exposed to these issues. Based on this, use a 0 to 10 scale to indicate your overall reaction to the clip, where a 0 means very unfavorable and a 10 means very favorable.

Rated 9-10
42%
Rated 9-10
41%
Rated 9-10
37%
Mean favorability (0-10)
7.4%
Mean favorability (0-10)
7.4%
Mean favorability (0-10)
7.1%
Sample
1,458 registered voters · not disclosed
Method
online opt-in
Where
US - 40 battleground congressional districts
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record

Base: Includes oversamples yielding 262 Hispanic registered voters and 261 Black registered voters. Several items were split-sampled between Form A and Form B halves.

Wording notes: all three tested positions are variants of retreat or repositioning; no clip defends trans-inclusive policyclips were delivered as audio, not text
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • 0-10 favorability scale
Hart Research Associatesfor Searchlight InstituteOtherApr 28, 2025 – May 5, 2025
nine-policy favor/oppose battery spanning nondiscrimination, military, youth medical, bathrooms, and sports

Below are several policies that people have proposed related to transgender issues. For each one, please indicate whether you favor or oppose that policy.

Below are several policies that people have proposed related to transgender issues. For each one, please indicate whether you favor or oppose that policy.

Protect transgender individuals from discrimination in jobs, housing, and public spaces such as restaurants and stores - favor
85%
Allow transgender individuals to serve in the military if they meet the physical and psychological criteria for service - favor
67%
Allow healthcare professionals to provide someone younger than 18 with medical care related to gender transition only if parents provide consent - favor
54%
Allow transgender individuals to use public bathrooms that match their gender identity - favor
42%
Allow transgender youth to use school bathrooms that match their gender identity - favor
38%
Allow healthcare professionals to provide someone younger than 18 with medical care related to gender transition (no consent qualifier) - favor
32%
Allow transgender girls to compete in girls' sports in elementary school and middle school - favor
32%
Allow transgender girls and women to compete in female sports in high school, college, pro, and other competitive leagues - favor
29%
Allow transgender girls to compete in girls' sports in elementary school - favor
28%
Sample
1,458 registered voters · not disclosed
Method
online opt-in
Where
US - 40 battleground congressional districts
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record

Base: Includes oversamples yielding 262 Hispanic registered voters and 261 Black registered voters. Several items were split-sampled between Form A and Form B halves.

Wording notes: no don't-know option - respondents are forced to a sideyouth-medical and sports items are split-sampled with and without a parental-consent or age qualifier
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • Strongly favor
  • Somewhat favor
  • Somewhat oppose
  • Strongly oppose
Hart Research Associatesfor Human Rights CampaignSportsparaphrasedMar 12–15, 2021
unprimed forced choice on trans youth sports participation

Initially, voters lean toward transgender youth being able to participate in sports consistent with their gender identity - 38% say this, versus 34% who say these youth should have to participate in sports consistent with the gender they were assigned at birth; 28% do not have an opinion.

Participate consistent with their gender identity
38%
Participate consistent with the gender they were assigned at birth
34%
No opinion
28%
Sample
1,005 registered voters · credibility interval of +/-3.1% for the full sample, with higher tolerances for subgroups
Method
online opt-in
Where
US national
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)
Full record

Base: voters who have heard in their own communities about transgender youth wanting to participate in sports make up 20% of the sample and are reported as a subgroup

Wording notes: explicitly offers a no-opinion option, which nearly three in ten voters take
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • Participate in sports consistent with their gender identity
  • Participate in sports consistent with the gender they were assigned at birth
  • No opinion
Hart Research Associatesfor Human Rights CampaignSportsMar 12–15, 2021
primed agree/disagree item on trans youth sports participation

respondents read that 'local schools, state athletic associations, and the NCAA have already implemented policies that ensure a level playing field for all students while also protecting transgender youth.'

Sports are important in young people's lives. Young transgender people should be allowed opportunities to participate in a way that is safe and comfortable for them.

Agree
73%
Sample
1,005 registered voters · credibility interval of +/-3.1% for the full sample, with higher tolerances for subgroups
Method
online opt-in
Where
US national
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)
Full record · 5 subgroup figures

Base: voters who have heard in their own communities about transgender youth wanting to participate in sports make up 20% of the sample and are reported as a subgroup

Wording notes: preceded by a persuasive preamble asserting that a level playing field is already ensuredthe statement opens with a consensus premise ('Sports are important in young people's lives') before the contested claim'in a way that is safe and comfortable for them' avoids specifying which team, which is the actual point of dispute
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • Strongly agree
  • Somewhat agree
  • Somewhat disagree
  • Strongly disagree
Hart Research Associatesfor Human Rights CampaignYouth medical careMar 12–15, 2021
puberty-delaying medication for transgender youth with doctor advice and parental consent

there is a clear sense among the voting public that:

Transgender youth should be able to access medication that delays puberty if they have advice from their doctors and consent from their parents to do so

Agree
69%
Sample
1,005 registered voters · credibility interval of +/-3.1% for the full sample, with higher tolerances for subgroups
Method
online opt-in
Where
US national
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)
Full record

Base: voters who have heard in their own communities about transgender youth wanting to participate in sports make up 20% of the sample and are reported as a subgroup

Wording notes: both a physician recommendation and parental consent are written into the item, which are the two conditions that most raise supportsays 'medication that delays puberty' rather than 'puberty blockers'
Hart Research Associatesfor Human Rights CampaignGeneral acceptanceMar 12–15, 2021
trans people living openly according to gender identity, and equal access to medical care

there is a clear sense among the voting public that:

Transgender people should be able to live freely and openly according to their gender identity / Transgender people should have equal access to medical care as other Americans

Agree - transgender people should have equal access to medical care as other Americans
92%
Agree - transgender people should be able to live freely and openly according to their gender identity
85%
Sample
1,005 registered voters · credibility interval of +/-3.1% for the full sample, with higher tolerances for subgroups
Method
online opt-in
Where
US national
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)
Full record

Base: voters who have heard in their own communities about transgender youth wanting to participate in sports make up 20% of the sample and are reported as a subgroup

Wording notes: 'equal access to medical care as other Americans' does not name transition-related care
Hart Research Associatesfor Human Rights CampaignGeneral acceptanceparaphrasedMar 12–15, 2021
perceived level of discrimination against transgender people

Sixty-three percent (63%) recognize that transgender people face a lot or a fair amount of discrimination in the United States today - appreciably higher than the proportion who say this of women, LGB people, Black people, or Christians.

Transgender people face a lot or a fair amount of discrimination
63%
Sample
1,005 registered voters · credibility interval of +/-3.1% for the full sample, with higher tolerances for subgroups
Method
online opt-in
Where
US national
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)
Full record

Base: voters who have heard in their own communities about transgender youth wanting to participate in sports make up 20% of the sample and are reported as a subgroup

Wording notes: asked comparatively across several groups including Christians, which is unusual and useful for benchmarking
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • A lot
  • A fair amount
  • Only a little
  • None at all
Hart Research Associatesfor Human Rights CampaignSportsMar 12–15, 2021
post-information agree/disagree statement on trans youth in sports

[Respondents first read that] "local schools, state athletic associations, and the NCAA have already implemented policies that ensure a level playing field for all students while also protecting transgender youth."

Sports are important in young people's lives. Young transgender people should be allowed opportunities to participate in a way that is safe and comfortable for them.

Sample
asked of a subset: Democrats, Independents, Republicans, Voters with children under 18full poll: 1,005 voters · credibility interval +/-3.1% for the full sample, with higher tolerances for subgroups
Method
online opt-in
Where
US national
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)
Full record · 5 subgroup figures
Wording notes: preceded by a one-sided reassurance about existing safeguardsstatement is written to be agreeable ('safe and comfortable')measures response to a message, not baseline opinion
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • Strongly agree
  • Agree
  • Disagree
  • Strongly disagree
Hart Research Associatesfor Human Rights CampaignNondiscriminationparaphrasedMar 2021 – Mar 15, 2021
the Equality Act described by its provisions

Would you support or oppose amending federal civil rights law to outlaw discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity under the Equality Act?

Support
70%
Sample
1,005 registered voters
Method
online opt-in
Where
US national
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)
Full record · 1 subgroup figure
Wording notes: advocacy-sponsoreddescribes the bill's benefits at length before asking, which measurably raises support relative to bill-name-only items such as Marist's 63%
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • Strongly support
  • Somewhat support
  • Somewhat oppose
  • Strongly oppose
  • Not sure
Hart Research Associatesfor Human Rights CampaignPolitical salienceparaphrasedMar 2021 – Mar 15, 2021
favorability toward a representative who votes for the Equality Act

Would you feel more favorable or less favorable toward your representative in Congress if they voted for the Equality Act?

Sample
asked of a subset: 18-34, 35-49, 50-64, 65+full poll: 1,005 registered voters
Method
online opt-in
Where
US national
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)
Full record · 4 subgroup figures
Wording notes: advocacy-sponsored vote-effect framing
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • More favorable
  • Less favorable
  • No difference
Hart Research Associatesfor Human Rights CampaignNondiscriminationMar 2021 – Mar 15, 2021
federal Equality Act after an informative description

The Equality Act would add to existing laws that currently protect people based on race, sex, religion, and other characteristics to include sexual orientation and gender identity. This law would ensure that LGBTQ people are protected from discrimination in key areas of life, including employment, housing, credit, education, and jury service. And it would also add protections based on sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity to use of public spaces and services and federally funded programs. The Equality Act would update current laws to prevent services that are open to the public, such as retail stores, banks, legal services, and transportation services, from refusing service for LGBTQ people. It prevents businesses from using religious objections as a basis for refusing service to LGBTQ people.

Strongly favor
41%
Favor (net) 70%
Sample
1,005 voters · credibility interval +/-3.1% for the full sample, with higher tolerances for subgroups
Method
online opt-in
Where
US national
Source
Pollster release(opens another site)
Full record · 7 subgroup figures
Wording notes: three-paragraph one-sided description read before the questionno counter-argument or cost/objection presentedsponsored by an advocacy organization that supports the bill
Response options as the pollster wrote them
  • Strongly favor
  • Favor
  • Oppose
  • Strongly oppose

Figures transcribed from public sources; each links to the original release. How to read this data →