Every question, with its verbatim wording, its toplines, and a link to the pollster’s own release. Filters combine; the
address updates so any view can be shared.
Data for ProgressIdentity beliefsMar 24–26, 2023whether transgender identity is a modern invention or a natural phenomenon
When thinking about the existence of transgender identities, which statement comes closer to your own view, even if neither is exactly right?
Base: Questions [7] and [11] were asked only of self-identified Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents/third-party supporters (N=540).
Wording notes: restrictive option uses 'woke culture' and an explicit intent-to-harm claimasymmetric intensity between the two options
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Transgender identities are a new phenomenon created by our modern woke culture. These identities are invented in order to harm our children and our future.
- Transgender identities are a natural phenomenon that has occurred throughout history. It's normal for free societies to have individuals who identify outside of the norm.
- Don't know
Data for ProgressPolitical salienceMar 24–26, 2023 volume of anti-trans state legislation
There are currently 429 bills passing through state legislatures aimed at limiting the rights of transgender and gay people in America.
There are currently 429 bills passing through state legislatures aimed at limiting the rights of transgender and gay people in America. Which statement comes closer to your own view, even if neither is exactly right?
Base: Questions [7] and [11] were asked only of self-identified Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents/third-party supporters (N=540).
Wording notes: numeric preamble (429 bills) supplies an anchorno 'not enough legislation' option
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- This is too much legislation. Politicians are playing political theater and using these bills as a wedge issue.
- This is the right amount of legislation. Politicians are dealing with a real danger that needs to be addressed.
- Don't know
Data for ProgressPolitical salienceMar 24–26, 2023 vote effect of a candidate who filibusters anti-LGBTQ+ bills
This question was only shown to respondents who indicated they identified as Democrats, or as Independent or third party supporters who said they typically leaned more toward Democrats.
There are currently 429 bills passing through state legislatures aimed at limiting the rights of transgender and gay people in America. In Nebraska, State Senator Machaela Cavanaugh has been filibustering for four weeks to prevent the state legislature from considering bills that would ban doctors from providing gender-affirming medical care to minors, stating the following explanation: "We were not sent here to legislate hate. We were sent here to do the business of the state, which is tax policy, and budgets; there's so much work to be done to address the economic crisis that we are all in in this country." Would you be more or less likely to vote for a candidate who filibusters anti-LGBTQ+ bills to prevent their passage?
Base: Questions [7] and [11] were asked only of self-identified Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents/third-party supporters (N=540).
Wording notes: long sympathetic preamble quoting the legislatorDemocrats and Democratic leaners only
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Much more likely
- Somewhat more likely
- Somewhat less likely
- Much less likely
- Wouldn't affect my choice
- Don't know
Marist Pollfor NPR and PBS NewsHourYouth medical careparaphrasedMar 20–23, 2023laws criminalizing the provision of gender transition medical care to minors
Do you support or oppose laws that make it a crime to provide gender transition-related medical care to minors?
Base: 1,327 U.S. adults (MoE ±3.5); also 1,226 registered voters (MoE ±3.6)
Wording notes: criminalization framing (making care a crime) rather than a simple prohibition, which typically depresses support for the restrictionPBS reports support rose 15 points since the April 2021 wave, one of the largest movements on any trans item in this corpus
Response options as the pollster wrote them
Marist Pollfor NPR and PBS NewsHourDrag & public expressionparaphrasedMar 20–23, 2023 state laws restricting drag shows or performances
Do you favor or oppose a law in your state that would place restrictions on drag shows or drag performances?
Base: 1,327 U.S. adults (MoE ±3.5); also 1,226 registered voters (MoE ±3.6)
Wording notes: fielded during the Tennessee drag-restriction law news cycle (SB 3 signed March 2, 2023)
Response options as the pollster wrote them
Marist Pollfor NPR and PBS NewsHourYouth medical careparaphrasedMar 20–23, 2023 criminalizing gender-transition medical care for minors
Do you favor or oppose a law in your state that would make it a crime to provide gender-transition-related medical care to someone under the age of 18?
Base: 1,327 U.S. adults (MoE ±3.5); also 1,226 registered voters (MoE ±3.6)
Wording notes: 'criminalize' framing, which is stronger than 'ban' or 'prohibit' and is the direction the 2023 state bills actually took
Response options as the pollster wrote them
Data for ProgressDrag & public expressionMar 15–20, 2023 exposure to drag performance
Drag shows are a form of entertainment where drag artists impersonate men or women, often involving singing, lip-synching, dancing, comedy, and audience interaction.
Drag shows are a form of entertainment where drag artists impersonate men or women, often involving singing, lip-synching, dancing, comedy, and audience interaction. Have you ever seen a drag performance, either in person or on television?
Wording notes: definitional preamble frames drag as impersonation of men or women
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Yes, I have seen a drag performance in person
- Yes, I have seen a drag performance on television, but not in person
- No, I have not seen a drag performance in person or on television
Data for ProgressDrag & public expressionMar 15–20, 2023 classifying drag shows as sexually oriented businesses
Some legislators are proposing new legislation that would classify any shows where performers express a gender identity that is different from what they were assigned at birth - such as drag shows - as "sexually oriented businesses."
Some legislators are proposing new legislation that would classify any shows where performers express a gender identity that is different from what they were assigned at birth - such as drag shows - as "sexually oriented businesses." Do you think that drag shows are sexually oriented businesses?
Wording notes: preamble supplies the legislative frame before the judgment is asked
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Drag shows are not sexually oriented businesses
- Drag shows are sexually oriented businesses
- Don't know
Data for ProgressDrag & public expressionMar 15–20, 2023 banning drag in public spaces and imprisoning performers
Some legislators have proposed legislation to ban drag shows in public spaces that can be viewed by children, such as coffee shops and bookstores. People who violate this rule face a fine of up to $5,000, and up to two years in prison.
Some legislators have proposed legislation to ban drag shows in public spaces that can be viewed by children, such as coffee shops and bookstores. People who violate this rule face a fine of up to $5,000, and up to two years in prison. Which of the following comes closest to your view, even if none are exactly right?
Wording notes: preamble states the criminal penaltythree-way split separates the ban from the imprisonment penalty
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- We should allow drag shows in public spaces to continue.
- We should ban drag shows in public spaces, but should not imprison drag artists who violate this rule.
- We should ban drag shows in public spaces and place drag artists who violate the rules in prison.
- Don't know
GCGrinnell College National PollBooks & mediaparaphrasedMar 14–19, 2023
whether middle school libraries should carry materials on gender identity
Should middle school libraries include materials about gender identity?
Wording notes: asked specifically about middle school rather than all school levels
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Should include
- Should not include
- Not sure
GCGrinnell College National PollBooks & mediaparaphrasedMar 14–19, 2023
worry about over-removal vs. under-removal of school library materials
Are you more worried that materials valuable to students will be removed from school libraries, or that harmful materials will remain in school libraries?
Wording notes: forced trade-off between two competing worries
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Valuable materials will be removed
- Harmful materials will remain
- Not sure
Ipsosfor Thomson ReutersYouth medical careMar 14–20, 2023banning doctors from providing transition-related treatment to minors
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements?
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - Doctors should be banned from providing transgender minors with treatments that help change their physical characteristics to better resemble their gender identity.
- Sample
- 4,410 adults · Credibility interval of +/- 1.8 percentage points for all respondents; design-effect adjusted confidence interval +/- 3.3 points. Party CIs: Democrats +/- 2.6, Republicans +/- 3.0, independents +/- 5.7. Ipsos states statistical margins of error are not applicable to online non-probability polls.
- Method
- online opt-in
- Where
- US national
- Source
- Pollster release↗(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record · 15 subgroup figures
Base: 2,111 Democrats, 1,627 Republicans, 448 independents. Methodology page cites n=4,408 in the design-effect calculation while the topline tables use 4,410.
Wording notes: agree/disagree format with restrictive polarity - acquiescence bias pushes toward the banidentical wording to the April 2022 fielding, so the 9-point increase in agreement is a real trend and not a wording artifact
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Strongly agree
- Somewhat agree
- Somewhat disagree
- Strongly disagree
- Not sure
Ipsosfor Thomson ReutersSportsMar 14–20, 2023 transgender girls in women's sports
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements?
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - Transgender girls should be allowed to participate in women's sports.
- Sample
- 4,410 adults · Credibility interval of +/- 1.8 percentage points for all respondents; design-effect adjusted confidence interval +/- 3.3 points. Party CIs: Democrats +/- 2.6, Republicans +/- 3.0, independents +/- 5.7. Ipsos states statistical margins of error are not applicable to online non-probability polls.
- Method
- online opt-in
- Where
- US national
- Source
- Pollster release↗(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record · 15 subgroup figures
Base: 2,111 Democrats, 1,627 Republicans, 448 independents. Methodology page cites n=4,408 in the design-effect calculation while the topline tables use 4,410.
Wording notes: identical wording to the April 2022 fielding - a clean trend pointno level of competition specified
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Strongly agree
- Somewhat agree
- Somewhat disagree
- Strongly disagree
- Not sure
Ipsosfor Thomson ReutersSportsMar 14–20, 2023 transgender boys in men's sports
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements?
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - Transgender boys should be allowed to participate in men's sports.
- Sample
- 4,410 adults · Credibility interval of +/- 1.8 percentage points for all respondents; design-effect adjusted confidence interval +/- 3.3 points. Party CIs: Democrats +/- 2.6, Republicans +/- 3.0, independents +/- 5.7. Ipsos states statistical margins of error are not applicable to online non-probability polls.
- Method
- online opt-in
- Where
- US national
- Source
- Pollster release↗(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record · 9 subgroup figures
Base: 2,111 Democrats, 1,627 Republicans, 448 independents. Methodology page cites n=4,408 in the design-effect calculation while the topline tables use 4,410.
Wording notes: mirror item to the transgender-girls version
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Strongly agree
- Somewhat agree
- Somewhat disagree
- Strongly disagree
- Not sure
Ipsosfor Thomson ReutersDrag & public expressionMar 14–20, 2023 banning under-18s from drag performances
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements?
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - I support efforts to ban children under 18 from attending events featuring drag performers
- Sample
- 4,410 adults · Credibility interval of +/- 1.8 percentage points for all respondents; design-effect adjusted confidence interval +/- 3.3 points. Party CIs: Democrats +/- 2.6, Republicans +/- 3.0, independents +/- 5.7. Ipsos states statistical margins of error are not applicable to online non-probability polls.
- Method
- online opt-in
- Where
- US national
- Source
- Pollster release↗(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record · 9 subgroup figures
Base: 2,111 Democrats, 1,627 Republicans, 448 independents. Methodology page cites n=4,408 in the design-effect calculation while the topline tables use 4,410.
Wording notes: double-embedded: the respondent is asked to agree with a first-person statement of support for a ban, which layers acquiescence bias on top of restrictive polarity'events featuring drag performers' is undifferentiated - it covers a public library story hour and an adult cabaret alikeadded to the TM2062Y21 battery in 2023, tracking the wave of state drag-restriction bills
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Strongly agree
- Somewhat agree
- Somewhat disagree
- Strongly disagree
- Not sure
Ipsosfor Thomson ReutersPronouns & languageMar 14–20, 2023 laws requiring school staff to use birth-sex pronouns
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements?
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? - Laws requiring faculty and staff at K-12 schools only use the pronouns of a student's biological sex at birth, not their gender identity
- Sample
- 4,410 adults · Credibility interval of +/- 1.8 percentage points for all respondents; design-effect adjusted confidence interval +/- 3.3 points. Party CIs: Democrats +/- 2.6, Republicans +/- 3.0, independents +/- 5.7. Ipsos states statistical margins of error are not applicable to online non-probability polls.
- Method
- online opt-in
- Where
- US national
- Source
- Pollster release↗(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record · 12 subgroup figures
Base: 2,111 Democrats, 1,627 Republicans, 448 independents. Methodology page cites n=4,408 in the design-effect calculation while the topline tables use 4,410.
Wording notes: the printed stem says 'agree or disagree' but the response options are support/oppose - an internal inconsistency in the Ipsos instrument itself'biological sex at birth' is contested phrasing, though it is set against 'gender identity' rather than asserted as the only real category
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Strongly support
- Somewhat support
- Somewhat oppose
- Strongly oppose
- Not sure
Ipsosfor Thomson ReutersPolitical salienceMar 14–20, 2023 vote effect of a candidate supporting under-18 gender transition care
In the election for president in 2024, are you more or less likely to support a candidate who does the following?
In the election for president in 2024, are you more or less likely to support a candidate who does the following? - Supports allowing transgender children under the age of 18 to get medical treatment related to gender identity and gender transitioning
Much less likely
37%
Somewhat less likely
24%
Somewhat more likely
23%
Much more likely
16%
- Sample
- 4,410 adults · Credibility interval of +/- 1.8 percentage points for all respondents; design-effect adjusted confidence interval +/- 3.3 points. Party CIs: Democrats +/- 2.6, Republicans +/- 3.0, independents +/- 5.7. Ipsos states statistical margins of error are not applicable to online non-probability polls.
- Method
- online opt-in
- Where
- US national
- Source
- Pollster release↗(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record · 12 subgroup figures
Base: 2,111 Democrats, 1,627 Republicans, 448 independents. Methodology page cites n=4,408 in the design-effect calculation while the topline tables use 4,410.
Wording notes: no neutral 'no difference' or 'not sure' option - every respondent is forced into a directional answer, which mechanically inflates apparent saliencemeasures candidate-support effect, not policy opinion
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Much more likely
- Somewhat more likely
- Somewhat less likely
- Much less likely
Ipsosfor Thomson ReutersPolitical salienceMar 14–20, 2023 vote effect of a candidate supporting teachers discussing sexual orientation or gender identity
In the election for president in 2024, are you more or less likely to support a candidate who does the following?
In the election for president in 2024, are you more or less likely to support a candidate who does the following? - Supports allowing teachers to discuss sexual orientation or gender identity at school
Much less likely
31%
Somewhat more likely
28%
Somewhat less likely
22%
Much more likely
19%
- Sample
- 4,410 adults · Credibility interval of +/- 1.8 percentage points for all respondents; design-effect adjusted confidence interval +/- 3.3 points. Party CIs: Democrats +/- 2.6, Republicans +/- 3.0, independents +/- 5.7. Ipsos states statistical margins of error are not applicable to online non-probability polls.
- Method
- online opt-in
- Where
- US national
- Source
- Pollster release↗(opens another site)PDF, external
Full record · 9 subgroup figures
Base: 2,111 Democrats, 1,627 Republicans, 448 independents. Methodology page cites n=4,408 in the design-effect calculation while the topline tables use 4,410.
Wording notes: no neutral optionbundles sexual orientation with gender identityno grade level specified
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Much more likely
- Somewhat more likely
- Somewhat less likely
- Much less likely
Marquette Law School PollNondiscriminationMar 13–22, 2023Bostock v. Clayton County - workplace protections for gay and transgender workers
In 2020 the Supreme Court ruled that a federal civil rights law protects gay and transgender workers from workplace discrimination. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Wording notes: bundles sexual orientation and gender identity into one itemdescribes an existing Court holding rather than an abstract policy
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Strongly favor
- Somewhat favor
- Somewhat oppose
- Strongly oppose
Marquette Law School PollSportsMar 13–22, 2023 policy proposal: require transgender athletes to compete on teams matching sex assigned at birth
[Require that transgender athletes compete on teams that match the sex they were assigned at birth, not the gender they identify with] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Wording notes: uses 'the sex they were assigned at birth'restrictive alternative is the only one statedno middle option
Response options as the pollster wrote them
Civiqsfor Daily KosIdentity beliefsMar 11–14, 2023whether gender is fixed at birth or open to expression
Which of these statements comes closest to your view: [Gender is fixed and assigned at birth as either male or female / Gender is open to different expressions, and individuals should have the freedom to identify as something other than the gender assigned to them at birth / Neither / Something else or unsure]
Wording notes: offers 'Neither' and 'Something else or unsure' escape optionspaired statements of roughly equal length
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Gender is fixed at birth
- Gender is open to expression
- Neither
- Something else or unsure
Civiqsfor Daily KosBooks & mediaMar 11–14, 2023 public libraries carrying books about gay and transgender people and history
Should public libraries in your area be allowed to carry books that include information about gay and transgender people and history?
Wording notes: 'allowed to carry' frames the restrictive position as prohibition
Response options as the pollster wrote them
Civiqsfor Daily KosBooks & mediaMar 11–14, 2023 school classroom and library books with LGBT characters
Do you believe that classrooms and libraries in your local school district should contain books with characters who are gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender?
Wording notes: offers an intermediate 'yes, but fewer' option that has no symmetric 'yes, but more' counterpart
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Yes
- Yes, but fewer than there are now
- No
- Unsure
Civiqsfor Daily KosSchool policyMar 11–14, 2023 whether teachers may answer student questions about gay and transgender issues
Do you think teachers in public schools should be allowed to answer questions from students about gay and transgender issues?
Wording notes: student-initiated framing ('answer questions from students') rather than instruction
Response options as the pollster wrote them
Civiqsfor Daily KosSchool policyMar 11–14, 2023 parental notification when a student uses a different gender identity at school
Do you think that teachers should be required to tell students' parents if their child is using a different gender identity at school?
Wording notes: offers 'it depends on the situation' as an explicit middle option'required to tell' tests a mandate, not permission
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Yes, tell students' parents
- No, let it stay at school
- It depends on the situation
- Unsure
Civiqsfor Daily KosAdult medical careMar 11–14, 2023 legal consequences for doctors answering patient questions about transgender concerns
Do you think doctors should be allowed to answer questions from patients about transgender concerns without the threat of legal consequences?
Wording notes: 'without the threat of legal consequences' supplies a consequence frame favorable to the permissive answer
Response options as the pollster wrote them
Civiqsfor Daily KosYouth medical careMar 11–14, 2023 physicians providing gender-affirming health care to transgender youth
Do you think physicians should be allowed to provide healthcare to transgender youth that recognizes and supports their gender identity?
Wording notes: 'recognizes and supports their gender identity' rather than naming specific interventionsno mention of puberty blockers, hormones or surgery
Response options as the pollster wrote them
Civiqsfor Daily KosParental rightsMar 11–14, 2023 parents' authority over transgender minors' care vs. government limits on treatment
Which of these statements comes closest to your view: [Parents of children who identify as transgender should be allowed to make the healthcare decisions for their kids that they think are best / There should be government limits on the types of treatment and care that doctors are allowed to provide to transgender kids / Neither / Something else or unsure]
Wording notes: restrictive side is labeled 'government limits'affirming side is framed as parental decision-making
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Health care should be up to parents
- Government should limit treatments
- Neither
- Something else or unsure
Civiqsfor Daily KosPronouns & languageMar 11–14, 2023 right to use gender pronouns matching personal identity
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: "Everyone has the right to use the gender pronouns that match their personal identity."
Wording notes: agree/disagree format is subject to acquiescence bias'right to use' is a rights frameasks about the speaker's own pronouns, not compelled use by others
Response options as the pollster wrote them
Civiqsfor Daily KosPronouns & languageMar 11–14, 2023 right to use pronouns matching personal identity
Everyone has the right to use the gender pronouns that match their personal identity
Wording notes: framed as a universal 'right'agree/disagree single statement
Response options as the pollster wrote them
Civiqsfor Daily KosYouth medical careparaphrasedMar 11–14, 2023 whether physicians should provide gender-affirming care to transgender youth
Should physicians provide gender-affirming care to transgender youth?
Wording notes: frames the actor as physicians rather than as government or parents
Response options as the pollster wrote them
Civiqsfor Daily KosAdult medical careparaphrasedMar 11–14, 2023 whether doctors may answer patient questions about transgender health without legal consequences
Should doctors be able to freely answer questions about transgender health issues from their patients, without legal consequences?
Wording notes: 'without legal consequences' supplies a strong negative cue for the No option
Response options as the pollster wrote them
Civiqsfor Daily KosSchool policyparaphrasedMar 11–14, 2023 whether schools should tell parents about a student's gender identity
Should a school tell a student's parents about the student's gender identity, or keep it private?
Wording notes: an explicit 'it depends' option is offered, which absorbs a quarter of responses
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Tell parents
- Keep it private
- It depends
- Not sure
Civiqsfor Daily KosAdult medical careMar 11–14, 2023 adult authority over their own medical decisions (context item for gender-affirming care battery)
Adults should always hold the ultimate authority over their own medical decisions
Wording notes: does not name transgender people; recorded because Civiqs fielded and reported it as the framing item for the gender-affirming care battery
Response options as the pollster wrote them
PRRIIdentity beliefsparaphrasedMar 9–23, 2023whether there are only two gender identities or a range of many
Which comes closer to your view: there are only two gender identities, man and woman, or there is a range of many possible gender identities?
Only two gender identities
65%
Only two gender identities - feel strongly
50%
A range of many gender identities
34%
A range of many gender identities - do not feel strongly
20%
Only two gender identities - do not feel strongly
15%
A range of many gender identities - feel strongly
14%
- Sample
- 5,438 adults · +/- 1.5 percentage points
- Method
- probability panel
- Where
- US national
- Source
- Pollster release↗(opens another site)
Full record · 3 subgroup figures
Base: 5,046 Ipsos KnowledgePanel respondents plus 392 recruited from opt-in panels. Q3c/Q3d and Q4a-Q4c were split-sample (Form 1 N=2,726; Form 2 N=2,712; Q4a N=1,361; Q4b N=1,365). PRRI labels this fielding 'Mar. 2023' in the AVA LGBTQ trend tables, so this record replaces a separate March 2023 AVA wave rather than duplicating it. This is PRRI's single richest transgender instrument: it carries the pronoun-comfort items, the social-contagion item, the split-sample school-harm experiment and the age-graded curriculum battery that appear nowhere else in PRRI's series.
Wording notes: forced binary between 'only two' and 'a range of many' with no middle optionintensity is captured with a follow-up, allowing a 4-point read
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Only two gender identities - feel strongly
- Only two gender identities - do not feel strongly
- A range of many gender identities - do not feel strongly
- A range of many gender identities - feel strongly
PRRIPronouns & languageparaphrasedMar 9–23, 2023 comfort using gender-neutral pronouns
How comfortable would you be using the gender-neutral pronoun 'they' to refer to someone who asked you to?
Base: 5,046 Ipsos KnowledgePanel respondents plus 392 recruited from opt-in panels. Q3c/Q3d and Q4a-Q4c were split-sample (Form 1 N=2,726; Form 2 N=2,712; Q4a N=1,361; Q4b N=1,365). PRRI labels this fielding 'Mar. 2023' in the AVA LGBTQ trend tables, so this record replaces a separate March 2023 AVA wave rather than duplicating it. This is PRRI's single richest transgender instrument: it carries the pronoun-comfort items, the social-contagion item, the split-sample school-harm experiment and the age-graded curriculum battery that appear nowhere else in PRRI's series.
Wording notes: offers an explicit 'doesn't matter' option, which about a fifth of respondents take
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Comfortable
- Uncomfortable
- It doesn't matter to me
PRRIPronouns & languageparaphrasedMar 9–23, 2023 comfort using pronouns that do not match a person's perceived gender
How comfortable would you be using pronouns that do not match the gender you perceive a person to be?
Base: 5,046 Ipsos KnowledgePanel respondents plus 392 recruited from opt-in panels. Q3c/Q3d and Q4a-Q4c were split-sample (Form 1 N=2,726; Form 2 N=2,712; Q4a N=1,361; Q4b N=1,365). PRRI labels this fielding 'Mar. 2023' in the AVA LGBTQ trend tables, so this record replaces a separate March 2023 AVA wave rather than duplicating it. This is PRRI's single richest transgender instrument: it carries the pronoun-comfort items, the social-contagion item, the split-sample school-harm experiment and the age-graded curriculum battery that appear nowhere else in PRRI's series.
Wording notes: frames the pronoun as mismatched with the respondent's own perception rather than with the person's identity - a framing that measurably depresses comfort relative to the 'they' item
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Comfortable
- Uncomfortable
- It doesn't matter to me
PRRIIdentity beliefsMar 9–23, 2023 belief that there are only two genders vs. a range of gender identities
When it comes to gender, do you ...
Feel strongly that there are only two genders, man or woman
50%
Think there is a range of many gender identities, but do not feel strongly about it
20%
Think there are only two genders, but do not feel strongly about it
15%
Feel strongly that there is a range of many possible gender identities
14%
Skipped/Refused
1%
Only two genders (net) 65%Range of gender identities (net) 34%
- Sample
- 5,438 adults · +/- 1.5 percentage points
- Method
- probability panel
- Where
- US national
- Source
- Pollster release↗(opens another site)
Full record · 3 subgroup figures
Base: 5,046 Ipsos KnowledgePanel respondents plus 392 recruited from opt-in panels. Q3c/Q3d and Q4a-Q4c were split-sample (Form 1 N=2,726; Form 2 N=2,712; Q4a N=1,361; Q4b N=1,365). PRRI labels this fielding 'Mar. 2023' in the AVA LGBTQ trend tables, so this record replaces a separate March 2023 AVA wave rather than duplicating it. This is PRRI's single richest transgender instrument: it carries the pronoun-comfort items, the social-contagion item, the split-sample school-harm experiment and the age-graded curriculum battery that appear nowhere else in PRRI's series.
Wording notes: strength of view built into the answer setno middle or 'depends' optionresponse order flipped for half the sample
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Feel strongly that there are only two genders, man or woman
- Think there are only two genders, but do not feel strongly about it
- Think there is a range of many gender identities, but do not feel strongly about it
- Feel strongly that there is a range of many possible gender identities
- Skipped/Refused
PRRIFeeling thermometersMar 9–23, 2023 comfort with a friend disclosing they are transgender (revised answer set with a 'doesn't matter' option)
Q2. How comfortable or uncomfortable do you think you would be with a friend telling you the following? [RANDOMIZE]
That they are transgender
Very comfortable
25%
Doesn't matter either way
25%
Somewhat uncomfortable
17%
Somewhat comfortable
16%
Very uncomfortable
16%
Skipped/Refused
1%
- Sample
- 5,438 adults · +/- 1.5 percentage points
- Method
- probability panel
- Where
- US national
- Source
- Pollster release↗(opens another site)
Full record
Base: 5,046 Ipsos KnowledgePanel respondents plus 392 recruited from opt-in panels. Q3c/Q3d and Q4a-Q4c were split-sample (Form 1 N=2,726; Form 2 N=2,712; Q4a N=1,361; Q4b N=1,365). PRRI labels this fielding 'Mar. 2023' in the AVA LGBTQ trend tables, so this record replaces a separate March 2023 AVA wave rather than duplicating it. This is PRRI's single richest transgender instrument: it carries the pronoun-comfort items, the social-contagion item, the split-sample school-harm experiment and the age-graded curriculum battery that appear nowhere else in PRRI's series.
Wording notes: adds a 'Doesn't matter either way' option absent from PRRI's 2019 and 2021 comfort battery, so it is not directly comparable to that trend
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Very comfortable
- Somewhat comfortable
- Somewhat uncomfortable
- Very uncomfortable
- Doesn't matter either way
- Skipped/Refused
PRRIPronouns & languageMar 9–23, 2023 comfort with a friend who uses gender-neutral pronouns
Q2. How comfortable or uncomfortable do you think you would be with a friend telling you the following? [RANDOMIZE]
That they use gender neutral pronouns, for example, using "they" instead of "he" or "she"
Doesn't matter either way
23%
Very uncomfortable
21%
Very comfortable
20%
Somewhat uncomfortable
19%
Somewhat comfortable
15%
Skipped/Refused
1%
- Sample
- 5,438 adults · +/- 1.5 percentage points
- Method
- probability panel
- Where
- US national
- Source
- Pollster release↗(opens another site)
Full record
Base: 5,046 Ipsos KnowledgePanel respondents plus 392 recruited from opt-in panels. Q3c/Q3d and Q4a-Q4c were split-sample (Form 1 N=2,726; Form 2 N=2,712; Q4a N=1,361; Q4b N=1,365). PRRI labels this fielding 'Mar. 2023' in the AVA LGBTQ trend tables, so this record replaces a separate March 2023 AVA wave rather than duplicating it. This is PRRI's single richest transgender instrument: it carries the pronoun-comfort items, the social-contagion item, the split-sample school-harm experiment and the age-graded curriculum battery that appear nowhere else in PRRI's series.
Wording notes: gives a concrete example of the pronoun rather than leaving it abstract
Response options as the pollster wrote them
- Very comfortable
- Somewhat comfortable
- Somewhat uncomfortable
- Very uncomfortable
- Doesn't matter either way
- Skipped/Refused